The Portuguese Second Republic refers to the period in Portugal from 1933 to 1974, characterized by an authoritarian regime led by António de Oliveira Salazar. This government was established after the instability of the First Portuguese Republic and aimed to create a strong, centralized state. Salazar's regime emphasized nationalism, economic stability, and social conservatism. During the Second Republic, political opposition was suppressed, and censorship was widespread. The regime maintained control through the PIDE, a secret police force. The period ended with the Carnation Revolution in 1974, which led to the establishment of a democratic government in Portugal.