Porphyria is a group of rare genetic disorders that affect the production of heme, a vital component of hemoglobin in red blood cells. This condition can lead to a buildup of porphyrins, which are chemicals involved in heme production. Symptoms vary widely and may include abdominal pain, skin sensitivity to sunlight, and neurological issues. There are several types of porphyria, each with different causes and symptoms. Some forms are triggered by factors such as certain medications, alcohol, or hormonal changes. Diagnosis typically involves blood, urine, and stool tests to measure porphyrin levels and identify the specific type of porphyria.