The political history of Pakistan began in 1947 when it gained independence from British India. The country was founded as a separate state for Muslims, led by its first Governor-General, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Over the years, Pakistan has experienced periods of democratic governance and military rule, with significant political figures like Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Benazir Bhutto playing crucial roles. Since its independence, Pakistan has faced various challenges, including political instability, economic issues, and conflicts with neighboring countries like India. The country has also dealt with issues related to terrorism and sectarian violence, impacting its political landscape and governance.