Plant stress refers to the negative impact on a plant's growth and development caused by unfavorable environmental conditions. This can include factors such as drought, extreme temperatures, nutrient deficiencies, and pest infestations. When plants experience stress, they may exhibit symptoms like wilting, yellowing leaves, or stunted growth, which can ultimately affect their health and productivity. There are two main types of plant stress: abiotic and biotic. Abiotic stress arises from non-living factors, such as water scarcity or soil salinity, while biotic stress is caused by living organisms, including insects and diseases. Understanding these stressors is crucial for effective agriculture and horticulture practices.