Picenum was an ancient region located on the eastern coast of Italy, primarily in the modern-day regions of Marche and parts of Abruzzo. It was bordered by the Adriatic Sea to the east and was known for its fertile land and agricultural production. The area was inhabited by the Piceni, an Italic tribe, who were known for their unique culture and interactions with neighboring peoples. During the Roman Republic, Picenum became an important area for military recruitment and trade. The region was integrated into the Roman Empire, contributing to its economy and culture. Notable cities in Picenum included Ascoli Piceno and Fermo, which played significant roles in the region's history.