Phyllotaxis is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem, which optimizes light exposure and space for growth. This pattern can be observed in various plants, where leaves are positioned in a way that minimizes overlap and maximizes photosynthesis. Common arrangements include alternate, opposite, and whorled patterns. The study of phyllotaxis also involves mathematical concepts, such as the Fibonacci sequence, which can describe the spiral patterns found in some plants, like sunflowers and pinecones. These patterns help plants efficiently capture sunlight and distribute nutrients, contributing to their overall health and survival.