Philip, Duke of Parma (1720-1765), was a member of the Spanish royal family and the son of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese. He became the Duke of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla in 1731, following the Treaty of Vienna, which granted these territories to Spain. His rule was marked by efforts to modernize the duchy and improve its economy. Philip was known for his patronage of the arts and his interest in architecture. He commissioned several buildings and promoted cultural activities in his duchy. His reign contributed to the development of Parma as a center of art and culture in northern Italy.