The pharmaceutical supply chain refers to the entire process of producing and distributing medications, from raw materials to the final product reaching patients. It involves various stages, including research and development, manufacturing, packaging, and distribution. Key players in this chain include pharmaceutical companies, wholesalers, and retail pharmacies. Effective management of the pharmaceutical supply chain is crucial for ensuring that medications are available, safe, and effective. This process also includes regulatory compliance and quality control to meet the standards set by organizations like the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Efficient supply chain practices help minimize shortages and ensure timely access to essential drugs.