Pharaoh Khafre was an ancient Egyptian ruler of the Fourth Dynasty, known for his significant contributions to the construction of monumental architecture. He is best recognized for the Great Sphinx of Giza and the second-largest pyramid at the Giza Plateau, which served as his tomb. Khafre reigned around 2558 to 2532 BCE and was the son of Pharaoh Khufu. Khafre's pyramid complex included temples and mortuary structures, showcasing the advanced engineering skills of the time. His reign is often associated with the flourishing of art and culture in ancient Egypt, reflecting the power and religious beliefs of the era.