Peter I, also known as Peter the Great, was the Tsar of Russia from 1682 until his death in 1725. He is best known for modernizing Russia and transforming it into a major European power. Peter implemented sweeping reforms in government, military, and culture, aiming to bring Western ideas and practices to his country. Peter I founded the city of Saint Petersburg in 1703, which became the new capital of Russia. He also established the Russian Navy and expanded the territory of the Russian Empire through successful military campaigns, notably during the Great Northern War against Sweden.