Persian Modern Literature refers to literary works in the Persian language that emerged in the late 19th and 20th centuries, reflecting contemporary themes and social issues. This period saw a shift from traditional forms to more innovative styles, influenced by Western literary movements. Writers began to explore topics such as identity, politics, and cultural change, often challenging societal norms. Key figures in Persian Modern Literature include Sadegh Hedayat, known for his existential themes, and Forough Farrokhzad, a pioneering female poet who addressed women's rights and personal freedom. This literary movement has played a crucial role in shaping modern Iranian identity and thought.