Periyar, also known as E.V. Ramasamy, was an influential social reformer and activist in India, particularly in the state of Tamil Nadu. Born in 1879, he is best known for his efforts to promote rationalism, self-respect, and social equality. He founded the Self-Respect Movement to challenge the caste system and advocate for the rights of marginalized communities. Periyar was a vocal critic of Hindu orthodoxy and worked to eradicate social injustices, particularly those faced by women and lower castes. His legacy includes the establishment of the Dravidar Kazhagam party, which aimed to uplift the Dravidian people and promote their cultural identity.