Perchlorates are chemical compounds that contain a chlorine atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. They are often found in the form of salts, such as sodium perchlorate or ammonium perchlorate, and are used in various applications, including rocket propellants and explosives. Perchlorates are known for their stability and ability to release oxygen when heated. In the environment, perchlorates can be found in soil and water, primarily due to industrial activities and the use of certain fertilizers. They can affect human health by interfering with thyroid function, as they can inhibit the uptake of iodine. Monitoring and regulating perchlorate levels is important for public safety.