Pentobarbital is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as barbiturates. It is primarily used as a sedative and anesthetic, helping to induce sleep or calm patients before surgical procedures. Pentobarbital works by depressing the central nervous system, leading to relaxation and reduced anxiety. In addition to its use in medical settings, pentobarbital has also been utilized in euthanasia for animals and in assisted suicide in some jurisdictions. Due to its potential for abuse and dependence, it is classified as a controlled substance in many countries, requiring careful regulation and monitoring.