Phenobarbital is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as barbiturates. It is primarily used to treat seizures and can also help with anxiety and sleep disorders. By acting on the central nervous system, it enhances the effects of a neurotransmitter called GABA, which helps to calm brain activity. This medication is available in various forms, including tablets and injections. While effective, Phenobarbital can have side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and potential dependence if used long-term. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to ensure safe use.