"Peak Communism" refers to a period in the 20th century when communist ideologies and governments reached their highest influence and implementation, particularly during the 1970s. This era was marked by the dominance of the Soviet Union and the spread of communist movements in various countries, including China, Cuba, and Vietnam. During this time, many nations adopted socialist policies, aiming for a classless society and state control of resources. However, the economic challenges and political repression associated with these regimes led to significant criticism and eventual decline, particularly after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.