Patient consent is the process by which a patient agrees to receive medical treatment or participate in a clinical trial after being informed about the risks, benefits, and alternatives. This ensures that patients have the right to make decisions about their own healthcare based on clear and comprehensive information. Informed consent is a legal and ethical requirement in healthcare, emphasizing the importance of communication between healthcare providers and patients. It protects patient autonomy and fosters trust, allowing individuals to understand their options and make choices that align with their values and preferences regarding their health and well-being.