Informed consent is a fundamental principle in medical ethics and research, ensuring that individuals understand and agree to the procedures or treatments they will undergo. It involves providing clear information about the risks, benefits, and alternatives, allowing patients to make educated decisions regarding their health care. This process not only respects patient autonomy but also fosters trust between patients and healthcare providers. Informed consent is crucial in clinical trials, where participants must be fully aware of what their involvement entails, including any potential risks associated with the research.