Paleogeography is the study of the Earth's ancient landscapes and environments. It helps scientists understand how the planet's surface has changed over millions of years due to processes like plate tectonics, erosion, and climate shifts. By examining rock formations, fossils, and sediment layers, researchers can reconstruct past environments, revealing where oceans, mountains, and deserts once existed. This field is crucial for understanding the history of life on Earth. For example, studying the Pangaea supercontinent shows how the arrangement of continents influenced the evolution of species. Paleogeography also aids in locating natural resources, such as oil and minerals, by revealing ancient geological formations.