Oropharyngeal cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the oropharynx, which is the middle part of the throat located behind the mouth. This area includes the base of the tongue, the tonsils, and the soft palate. Common symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, a sore throat, and unexplained weight loss. Risk factors include tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, and infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, imaging tests, and a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, depending on the stage and location of the cancer. Early detection is crucial for improving outcomes and survival rates.