The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists - Bandera faction (OUN-B) is a nationalist political and paramilitary group that emerged in the 1940s in Ukraine. It was named after its leader, Stepan Bandera, who advocated for Ukrainian independence from Soviet and Polish control. The OUN-B aimed to establish a Ukrainian state and was involved in various military and political activities during World War II. The OUN-B is often associated with controversial actions, including collaboration with Nazi Germany at certain points and involvement in ethnic violence. After the war, the group continued to operate in exile and has since been a subject of debate regarding its legacy in Ukrainian history and nationalism.