Ore extraction is the process of removing valuable minerals or metals from the earth. This typically involves mining, where large amounts of rock are dug up to access the ore deposits. Common methods include open-pit mining, underground mining, and placer mining, each suited to different types of ore and geological conditions. Once extracted, the ore is processed to separate the desired materials from the waste rock. This can involve crushing, grinding, and using chemical processes to refine the ore. The end products are essential for various industries, including construction, electronics, and energy production.