Oral herpes is a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), primarily HSV-1. It typically manifests as painful blisters or sores around the mouth and lips, often referred to as cold sores. The virus is highly contagious and can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person, even when sores are not visible. Once infected, the virus remains in the body and can become dormant, leading to occasional outbreaks triggered by factors like stress, illness, or sun exposure. While there is no cure for oral herpes, antiviral medications can help reduce the severity and frequency of outbreaks.