HSV-1, or Herpes Simplex Virus type 1, is a common virus that primarily causes oral herpes, leading to cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth. It spreads easily through close contact, such as kissing or sharing utensils. Most people are infected with HSV-1 during childhood, often without realizing it. While HSV-1 is mainly associated with oral infections, it can also cause genital herpes through oral-genital contact. Symptoms may include painful sores and itching, but many people experience mild or no symptoms at all. Once infected, the virus remains in the body for life, lying dormant until it may reactivate.