The Obrenović dynasty was a Serbian royal family that played a significant role in the country's history during the 19th century. Founded by Miloš Obrenović, the dynasty emerged after the First Serbian Uprising against Ottoman rule in 1804. The family ruled Serbia intermittently until the late 19th century, contributing to the establishment of modern Serbian statehood. The dynasty is known for its efforts to modernize Serbia, including reforms in administration, education, and military. However, it faced challenges, including rivalries with the Karađorđević dynasty and internal conflicts. The Obrenović dynasty ultimately ended with the assassination of King Alexander Obrenović in 1903.