Numidia was an ancient kingdom located in North Africa, primarily in what is now Algeria and parts of Tunisia. It emerged around the 3rd century BCE and was known for its cavalry and skilled horsemen. The kingdom played a significant role in the conflicts between the Roman Republic and Carthage during the Punic Wars. The region was divided into two main parts: Western Numidia, ruled by the Massylii tribe, and Eastern Numidia, governed by the Masaesyli tribe. Numidia eventually became a client kingdom of Rome, contributing to its military campaigns and later becoming a province of the Roman Empire in the 1st century CE.