Norbert Wiener was an American mathematician and philosopher, best known as the founder of cybernetics, a field that studies the communication and control in living beings and machines. Born in 1894, he made significant contributions to various areas, including mathematics, engineering, and computer science. His work laid the groundwork for understanding how systems interact and adapt, influencing technology and biology alike. Wiener's ideas have had a lasting impact on modern technology, particularly in the development of artificial intelligence and robotics. He emphasized the importance of feedback loops in systems, which are crucial for learning and adaptation. His legacy continues to shape our understanding of complex systems in both nature and technology.