Norbert Elias was a German sociologist, best known for his work on the development of modern society and the process of civilization. Born in 1897, he fled the rise of the Nazis and settled in England, where he continued his research. His most influential work, The Civilizing Process, explores how social norms and behaviors evolved over time, particularly in Western Europe. Elias emphasized the importance of social interdependence and the gradual changes in manners and self-control. His ideas have significantly influenced various fields, including sociology, history, and cultural studies, making him a key figure in understanding the dynamics of social change.