The New York Colony was originally settled by the Dutch in the early 17th century and was known as New Amsterdam. In 1664, the English seized control and renamed it New York after the Duke of York. The colony became a diverse and bustling center for trade and commerce due to its strategic location along the Hudson River. New York's population included various ethnic groups, including Dutch, English, German, and African people, contributing to its rich cultural tapestry. The colony played a significant role in the early development of the United States, particularly during the American Revolution, when it became a key battleground.