The Nepalese Civil War, also known as the Maoist Insurgency, took place from 1996 to 2006. It was a conflict between the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and the government of Nepal. The Maoists aimed to overthrow the monarchy and establish a people's republic, leading to widespread violence and instability in the country. The war resulted in significant loss of life, with estimates of around 17,000 deaths and many more displaced. In 2006, a peace agreement was signed, which eventually led to the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of a federal democratic republic in Nepal.