Nationalist movements are efforts by groups of people who share a common identity, culture, or history to gain independence or greater autonomy from a larger political entity. These movements often arise when people feel that their unique identity is threatened or ignored by a dominant government. For example, the Irish Republican Army sought to unite Ireland and gain independence from British rule. These movements can take many forms, including peaceful protests, political campaigns, or armed resistance. Nationalist leaders, like Mahatma Gandhi in India, have inspired their followers to seek self-determination through nonviolent means, while others, such as Che Guevara, have taken a more militant approach.