Nationalism in music refers to the incorporation of national themes, folk melodies, and cultural elements into compositions, reflecting a sense of pride and identity. Composers often draw inspiration from their country's history, traditions, and landscapes, using music to express their national character. This movement gained prominence in the 19th century, particularly in Europe, as countries sought to assert their independence and cultural uniqueness. Notable examples of nationalist composers include Bedřich Smetana from Czech Republic and Jean Sibelius from Finland. Their works often feature traditional folk tunes and rhythms, creating a distinct sound that resonates with their national heritage. Nationalism in music continues to influence contemporary composers, fostering a connection to cultural roots.