Civil War artillery played a crucial role in battles during the American Civil War (1861-1865). It included various types of large guns, such as cannons, howitzers, and mortar, which were used to fire explosive shells and solid shot at enemy troops and fortifications. Artillery units were often positioned on hills or behind defensive lines to maximize their range and effectiveness. The effectiveness of Civil War artillery was enhanced by advancements in technology, including rifled barrels that improved accuracy and range. Artillery crews typically consisted of several soldiers who operated the guns, loaded ammunition, and aimed at targets. The use of artillery significantly influenced the outcome of many battles, making it a vital component of military strategy during the war.