Mountain waves are a type of atmospheric phenomenon that occurs when strong winds blow over mountain ranges. As the air flows over the peaks, it can create a series of oscillating waves in the atmosphere. These waves can extend for many miles downwind of the mountains and are often associated with turbulence and changes in wind direction. Pilots and meteorologists pay close attention to mountain waves because they can affect flight safety and weather patterns. The waves can lead to clear air turbulence, which is difficult to detect but can be quite strong. Understanding mountain waves is essential for safe navigation in mountainous regions and for predicting local weather conditions.