The term "Mongolian state" refers to the modern nation of Mongolia, located in East Asia and bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It is a landlocked country known for its vast steppes, nomadic culture, and rich history, including the legacy of Genghis Khan, who founded the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. Today, Mongolia is a parliamentary republic with a diverse population that includes various ethnic groups. The capital city, Ulaanbaatar, serves as the political, cultural, and economic center of the country. The economy is largely based on mining, agriculture, and livestock herding, reflecting its traditional nomadic lifestyle.