Henry Mintzberg identified five basic organizational types based on their structure and function. These types are the simple structure, machine bureaucracy, professional bureaucracy, divisionalized form, and adhocracy. Each type reflects different ways organizations coordinate activities and manage their workforce. The simple structure is characterized by a flat hierarchy and direct supervision, while the machine bureaucracy relies on standardized processes and rules. The professional bureaucracy emphasizes skilled professionals, the divisionalized form organizes by product or region, and the adhocracy is flexible and innovative, adapting quickly to changes in the environment.