The Ming Dynasty was a major Chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644. It is known for its cultural and political stability, as well as its significant contributions to art, literature, and architecture. The dynasty was established by Zhu Yuanzhang, who became the first emperor, known as the Hongwu Emperor. During the Ming period, China saw the construction of iconic structures such as the Forbidden City in Beijing and the expansion of the Great Wall. The dynasty also engaged in maritime exploration, notably through the voyages of Zheng He, which helped to establish trade routes and cultural exchanges with other regions.