Miltefosine is an oral medication primarily used to treat certain parasitic infections, particularly leishmaniasis. It works by disrupting the cell membranes of the parasites, ultimately leading to their death. Miltefosine is effective against both cutaneous and visceral forms of leishmaniasis, which are caused by the Leishmania species. Originally developed as a cancer treatment, Miltefosine has gained recognition for its role in combating tropical diseases. It is typically administered over several weeks and can have side effects, including gastrointestinal issues and potential teratogenic effects, making it important for patients to consult healthcare providers before use.