Middle Eastern mythology encompasses the rich tapestry of stories, deities, and beliefs from ancient cultures in the region, including the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Egyptians. These myths often explain natural phenomena, human behavior, and the origins of the world, featuring gods and goddesses like Ishtar and Osiris who played significant roles in creation and the afterlife. Many myths also include legendary heroes and epic tales, such as the Epic of Gilgamesh, which explores themes of friendship, mortality, and the quest for immortality. These narratives have influenced not only the cultures of the Middle East but also the broader world, shaping religious and literary traditions throughout history.