Middle ear infections, also known as otitis media, occur when bacteria or viruses infect the space behind the eardrum. This area can become inflamed and filled with fluid, leading to pain, fever, and sometimes hearing loss. They are more common in children due to their shorter and more horizontal Eustachian tubes, which can trap fluid. Symptoms of a middle ear infection may include ear pain, irritability, and difficulty sleeping. Treatment often involves pain relief and, in some cases, antibiotics if a bacterial infection is suspected. Most infections resolve on their own, but persistent cases may require further medical attention.