Microsoft's MS-DOS is an operating system that was widely used in the 1980s and early 1990s. It stands for Microsoft Disk Operating System and was designed to manage computer hardware and software resources. MS-DOS provided a command-line interface, allowing users to type commands to perform tasks like file management and program execution. Released in 1981, MS-DOS became the foundation for many early personal computers, including those from IBM. Its simplicity and efficiency made it popular, but as graphical user interfaces like Windows emerged, MS-DOS gradually became less common. Nonetheless, it played a crucial role in the development of modern computing.