Methodological approaches refer to the strategies and techniques researchers use to gather and analyze data. These approaches can be broadly categorized into qualitative methods, which focus on understanding experiences and perspectives, and quantitative methods, which emphasize numerical data and statistical analysis. Each approach serves different research purposes and can be used independently or in combination. In addition to qualitative and quantitative methods, researchers may also employ mixed methods, integrating both approaches to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a research question. This flexibility allows for a richer analysis, accommodating various aspects of the subject matter, such as human behavior, social phenomena, or scientific inquiries.