Mesopotamian deities were the gods and goddesses worshipped in ancient Mesopotamia, a region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. These deities were believed to control various aspects of life, such as agriculture, war, and fertility. Major gods included Anu, the sky god, and Enlil, the god of wind and storms, who played crucial roles in the creation myths and daily life. Worship of these deities involved rituals, offerings, and temples, which were central to Mesopotamian culture. Each city-state often had its own patron deity, like Marduk in Babylon and Ishtar in Uruk. The relationships between humans and these gods were thought to be reciprocal, with people seeking favor and protection in exchange for devotion.