Mediterranean politics refers to the political dynamics and relationships among the countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. This region includes nations from Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East, each with unique political systems, cultures, and histories. Key issues often include trade, migration, security, and environmental concerns, as well as the influence of larger powers like the European Union and United States. The Mediterranean has been a site of historical conflicts and cooperation, with organizations like the Union for the Mediterranean aiming to foster dialogue and collaboration. Current challenges include managing the effects of climate change, addressing refugee crises, and navigating tensions between countries, such as those involving Israel and Palestine.