Medieval Japan, spanning from the 12th to the 16th century, was marked by the rise of the samurai class and the establishment of feudalism. During this period, powerful military leaders known as shoguns ruled the country, while the emperor held a more symbolic role. The Kamura and Muromachi periods were significant for the development of Japanese culture, including art, literature, and the tea ceremony. The Buddhism and Shinto religions played essential roles in shaping the spiritual life of the people. The era also saw the emergence of castle towns and the growth of trade, which contributed to the economy. Overall, Medieval Japan was a time of social change and cultural flourishing.