The Mayan civilization was an ancient culture that thrived in Mesoamerica, particularly in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras. It is known for its impressive achievements in architecture, mathematics, and astronomy. The Mayans built large cities with pyramids, temples, and palaces, and they developed a complex writing system known as hieroglyphics. The civilization reached its peak between 250 and 900 AD, during a period known as the Classic Era. The Mayans were skilled farmers, using advanced techniques like terracing and irrigation. They also created a sophisticated calendar system and made significant contributions to art and science, influencing later cultures in the region.