Maria Amalia of Saxony was a German princess born on December 24, 1724. She was the daughter of Frederick Augustus II of Saxony and Maria Josepha of Austria. In 1738, she married Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, becoming Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. Maria Amalia was known for her intelligence and strong character. She played a significant role in the cultural and political life of her time, supporting the arts and education. Her marriage to Joseph II was influential in shaping the policies of the empire during the Enlightenment period.