Mansa Musa was the ninth emperor of the Mali Empire, one of the largest and wealthiest empires in West Africa during the 14th century. He ruled from 1312 to 1337 and is best known for his immense wealth, which was largely derived from the region's abundant gold resources. His famous pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 showcased his riches and helped to establish Mali as a significant center of trade and culture. Under Mansa Musa's leadership, the Mali Empire expanded its territory and influence, promoting Islam and education. He is credited with building several mosques, including the famous Djinguereber Mosque in Timbuktu, which became a center for learning and scholarship. His reign is often seen as a golden age for the empire, leaving a lasting legacy in African history.