The Mahdist State was a political and religious movement in Sudan that emerged in the late 19th century. It was founded by Muhammad Ahmad, who claimed to be the Mahdi, a messianic figure in Islam. The state sought to establish a society based on Islamic principles and resisted foreign influence, particularly from the British and Egyptians. Established in 1885, the Mahdist State controlled much of Sudan until it was defeated by British-Egyptian forces in 1898. The movement was characterized by its emphasis on jihad and the establishment of a theocratic government. The legacy of the Mahdist State continues to influence Sudanese politics and identity today.