Sudanese Mahdism is a religious and political movement that emerged in the late 19th century in Sudan. It was founded by Muhammad Ahmad, who claimed to be the Mahdi, a messianic figure in Islam expected to bring justice and restore true faith. His followers sought to establish an Islamic state and resist foreign domination, particularly against the Anglo-Egyptian rule. The movement gained significant traction, leading to the establishment of the Mahdist State in 1885 after the capture of Khartoum. The Mahdists implemented reforms based on their interpretation of Islam and fought against colonial powers until their eventual defeat in 1898 by British forces.